Geographical Location

The City is situated in the northeastern part of the province of south Cotabato lying between 6 degrees 24 minutes to 6 degrees and 34 minutes north and longitude 124 degrees and 47 minutes to 124 degrees and 58 minutes east. The city is bounded in the northwest by the municipality of Tangtangan, South Cotabato and the municipality of Lutayan, Sultan Kudarat in the northeast; on the southwest, by the municipality of Banga and on the southeast, by the municipality of Tupi and Tampakan, South Cotabato. The City is bounded by Roxas Mountain range on the southwest and Quezon Mountain range on the northeast. Roxas Mountain Range extends from as far as Barangay saravia on the southeast to Barangay Morales on the north, cutting through the Barangays of carpenter Hill, San Isidro, Sta. Cruz, Mambucal and the Poblacion. Quezon Mountain Range on the other side extends along the Barangays of San Jose, Mabini, Ezperanza, Cacub and Topland.

Topography

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Koronadal has several distinct physiographic features. The mountain ranges of Roxas and Quezon sorround the city with their peaks reaching as high as 700-800meters above sea level and gradually dropping towards the center of the city. In general, Koronadal has a level to gently sloping terrain, or 50.18% of the total land area is predominantly flat. Details of the slope classification of Koronadal

Political Subdivision

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The City of Koronadal has a total land area of 27,700 has. With 27 baranagys and 330 puroks and sitios. The area contributed 7.47% to the total land area of South cotabato of 370,600 hectares. The biggest barangay is Barangay Cacub with the land area of 3,068 hectares or 1.08% of the total land area of Koronadal. barangay Zone I is the smallest barangay with an area of 62.70 hectares. The corresponding distances of each barangay from the city business center are indicated in the table. Barangay Cacub is the farthest barangay with a distance of 17 kilometers. The data show that urban barangays are more likely nearer to the center of the city than the rural barangays.

Langauges and Dialects

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The first settlers in Koronadal were the Ilonggos. Ilonggos have formed extended families in the town, thus the Ilonggos dominate the populace. As a dominant tribe, their dialect known as Hiligaynon is the most spoken. The next dominant dialects are Cebuano and Ilocano. (Source: CDP 2000-2009. City of Koronadal)

Climate

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The climate condition of the City of Koronadal is mild and sub-total which belong to the fourth type of climate. The place is typhoon free. Rainy months are from June to October. Based on the climatic data of philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Adminitration (PAGASA), the highest rainfall is 225.60 mm in August 2003, and the lowest rainfall is 3.0 mm in April 2003. The relative humidity of the locality generally vaies depending on the raifall pattern. Highest relative humidity ranging from 82% to 84% falls within the months of June to October 2001 to 2006. The month of April in 2006 has the lowest relative humidity at 74%. Warmest temperatures in the city occur during the month of April. Maximum temperature was observed at 35.20 degrees in March 2004, while the coolest was observed at 22.10 degrees in November 2003. Data on four weather parameters rainfall amount, relative humidity, maximum temperature and minimum temperature for six years 2001 to 2006 based on the records of PAGASA at General Santos City Station.

Human Resources

Population Size, Growth and Trend

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A comparative historical growth on the population growth rate and trend of the City of Koronadal since 1948 is presented in table below. A remarkable decline or the highest decrease of 4.09% in growth rate was observed in 1960. On the other hand, the highest increase of 5.31% in growth rate occured in 1970.

Factors affecting the increase and decrease of population growth rate are noted. The increase in 1970 was attributed to the unstable peace and order in the neighboring places. The effective implementation of population program on family planning from 1980 to 1995 resulted to a continuous decrease of growth rate.

Urban - Rural Population Distribution

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The projected number of households per barangay. Barangay General Paulino Santos, both in 2005 and 2006, had the highest number of households of 3,535 and 3,607, respectively. Barangay Mambucal, on the other hand, had the least number of households in 2005 and 2006. The total number of households in the City of Koronadal was 24,983 in 2005 and 25,557 in 2006.

Population Projection

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The population projection of Koronadal for the period 2000 to 2010. As projected by the City Health Office and the Integrated Provincial Health Office of South Cotabato used the 2.30% average annual growth rate of South Cotabato. On the other hand, population as projected by the City planning and development Office used the 2.68% average annual growth rate in of Koronadal.

The CHO and IPHO used the 2.30% to have a conservative estimate of the population. They are using either the projected population or the population based on their survey in order to save their resource (i.e. over-projection of population will result to oversupply of medicines).

It is the 2.68% average annual growth rate of Koronadal which is official and is used for planning purposes within the city.

Age and Sex Distribution

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Majority or 52.60% of the total population for year 2005 were aged 15-49 years old. Under 1 year old bracket contributed the lowest at 2.04% of the population.

Variance between sexes is not so remarkable since male population was only 1.34% higher that the female population.

Urban - Rural Household Distribution

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The projected number of households per barangay. Barangay General Paulino Santos, both in 2005 and 2006, had the highest number of households of 3,535 and 3,607, respectively. Barangay Mambucal, on the other hand, had the least number of households in 2005 and 2006. The total number of households in the City of Koronadal was 24,983 in 2005 and 25,557 in 2006.

Literacy Rate

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Based on the data provided by the Department of Education (DepEd) of the City of Koronadal for 2006, the literacy rate of Koronadal is 95.44%.

Natural Resources

Land Area

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1. Land Use
1.a Urban Land Use
The existing total urban area of the city is 2,011.27 hectares or 7.26% of 27,700 hectares of Koronadal's land area. Of the total urban area, 53,11% or 1,068.27 hectares is classified as residential, 6.79% or 136.51 hectares are classified a commercial, 3.93% or 79.07 hectares are classified as institutional, 0.14% or 2.73 hectares are classified as industrial, 1.09% or 21.88 hectares are classifed as agro-industrial, 7.84% or 157.74 hectares are classified as parks and open spaces, 11.92% or 239.75 hectares are classified for roads, rivers and creeks, and the remaining 15.18% or 305.32 hectares are classified as infra/utilities, special use and agricultural. The urban center of the city includes the 4 Zones, Barangay Morales, GPS, Sta. Cruz, and portion of Barangay Sto. Ni??o, Concepcion and Paraiso.

1.b General Land Use
As per approved general land use of Koronadal, 15,224.88 hectares or 54.96% of the total land use is classified as agricultural. Portion of this agricultural area is classified as agricultural. Portion of this agricultural area that is utilized for other functional land uses are excluded from the protected prime agricultural areas such as irrigated lands. Forest area located in the Roxas and Quezon mountain range is more or less 7,634.05 hectares or 27.56% of the land. Open grassland is about 3.2% or 906.12 vacant lots. Built-up area is 2,912.45 hectares or 10.51% of the total land area, 2.08% or 576.34 hectares is industrial.
For agro-industrial area, economic activities are allowed such as rice mills, poultry, piggery and the like, which involve processing of agricultural products into goods. This cover more or less 185.00 hectares or 0.67% of the land. Quarrying activity is one of the major sources of income of some barangays.

2. General Land classification

Land Classification	Area (ha)	Percentage (%)
Alienable and Disposable	19,855.69	71.68%
Forest	7,634.05	27.56%
Rivers and Creeks	210.26	0.76%
Total	27,700.00	100.00%

3. Land Capability Classification
The land capability of Koronadal is classified by the Department of Agriculture of south Cotabato as Land Suitable for Cultivation, Land suitable/limited to Pasture, land Suitable/Limited to forest and land suitable/Limited to Wildlife and Recreation.

Parcels of land that belong to flat or very good land, moderately sloping, moderately eroded land, and can be cultivated with caution are Land Suitable for Cultivation, where 73.50% of Koronadal's land area falls within this category. Parcels of land that belong to fairly good land which ranges from sloping to severely eroded land, and can be cultivated with extra caution are Land Suitable/limited to Pasture, where 8.47% of the total land area falls within this category. Land Suitable/limited to Forest is a land that belongs to steep to very land, very severely eroded, excessivly eroded land, and lands shallow for cultivation where 10.64% of the total land area is within this category. Land that belongs to hiily/mountainous, barren and rugged land is land Suitable/limited to Wildlife and Recreation, where 7.39% of Koronadal's land area.

4. Soil
4.a Soil suitability
The Soil Suitability of Koronadal has been categorizes by the department of Agriculture into four, namely: built-up area/soil suitability for urban use, good/soil suitability for rice crops, fair/soil sauitability for diversified crops, and very poor/soil suitability for tree crops.

4.b Basic Soil Type
Koronadal has four types of soil, namely: San Manuel fine sandy loam (Koronadal fine sandy loam), New Iloilo sandy loam (Bulol sandy loam), Nupol sandy loam and Faraon clay loam. the identified San Manuel fine sandy loam locally known as Koronadal fine sandy loam type of soil with alluvial deposits from mixed origin is found at the low land areas.

Forestry

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In 1995, the Local Government of Koronadal delineated 1,137.99 hectares of forest land as watershed reserved area under Presidential Proclamation No. 607. This watershed area of Koronadal includes parcels of Barangay Saravia, Assumption, San Isidro, Carpenter Hill, Mambucal, Sta.Cruz, Morales and Paraiso in the Roxas Mountain Range and parcels of Barangay Cacub, Topland, Esperanza, Mabini,and San Jose in the Quezon Mountain Range. Some portions, however, are already denuded due to the slash and burn practice of some upland dwellers in the area.

The forest development activities in the city through the community based Reforestation Program was started in 1975. Believing that ???no economy can survive without ecology???, the City Government of Koronadal placed strong emphasis on programs protecting and rehabilitating its natural resources. This program tapped forest dwellers as partners in forest development through its Agro- Forestry Program. Integrated Social Forestry Program began sometime in 1982. In the last quarter of 2004, the city designated the City Environment and Natural Resources Office(City ENRO) to spearhead the implementation of environmental programs and further enhance the protection of forest resources.

The Oplan Balik Luntian and Oplan Bantay Gubat Program of the City Government under the City ENRO addressed the rampant degradation of the forest, particularly in the city???s watershed areas. There are 5 checkpoints within the 27 barangays with forest guards assigned to protect forest resources against illegal logging, cutting, transport or unbridled utilization. The joint forces of Barangay Officials, PNP, DENR and forest guards apprehended truckloads of illegally-transported charcoal, bamboo and lumber.

To minimize forest degradation, the City Government also provided alternative livelihood in 2005 for the affected families. Trainings on Contour Farming or Sloping Agricultural Land Technology ( SALT)benefited upland farmers including the Indigenous People. This Upland Development Program purposely aims for the slope protection of upland areas through soil and water conservation practices and provide additional income to dwellers through cash crops.

There are various kinds of fruit trees and forest tree seeds and seedlings being developed as planting materials at the City ENRO nursery in Dumpsite, Barangay Sta. Cruz.

Solid Waste Management

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The City Government of Koronadal strongly discharges the mandate of the Philippine National Government under Republic Act 9003 otherwise known as Solid Waste Management Act with the implementation of its Solid Waste Management Program. It aims to realize development without compromising the sanitation of the locality, to keep a clean and healthy environment with bountiful resources for future generations and to encourage more tourism and investment activities in the city.

Based on the result of waste characterization in 2003, Table 1 shows the quantity of waste generated from the major source in the entire city; and Table 2 shows the daily waste disposals at dumpsite according to type of waste.

Financial Resources

Local Fiscal Administration

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Local Fiscal Administration draws strength and rationality from the Constitutional provision of granting local government the power to create their own sources of revenue through local taxation.

In public administration, local fiscal administration is commonly referred to as the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of local fiscal policies by local governments.

Among others, these fiscal policies set the framework and procedures on local revenue generation that includes property tax administration, revenue ordinance codification as well as the operations of local economic enterprises.

It also deals on the national government allotments, shares and subsidies together with the availment of credit financing through domestic and foreign institutions.

Local Fiscal Administration involves revenue generation, the rational allocation, utilization and control of resources through the concept of performance budgeting by the local government units to optimize the use of public funds for the benefit of the greatest number of people.

1. Annual Budget/ Annual Investment Plan
Section 129 of RA 7160 also provides that ???Each local government unit shall exercise its power to create its own sources of revenue and to levy taxes, fees and charges subject to the provisions herein, consistent with the basic policy of local autonomy. Such taxes, fees, and charges shall accrue exclusively to the local government units.???

This, in effect, gives the local government units freer hand in identifying potential sources of local revenues and in strategizing and mobilizing mechanisms to generate these revenues, taking into consideration, too, the limitations prescribed in the Code.

1. a Social Sector
In 2002, the Social Sector had an allocation of P 24,513,076.00 or 21% of the total budget. In 2003, the total budget increased to 91% because of the release of the withheld Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) of the city. The Social Sector, therefore, also increased its allocation to P38, 980,052.00 or 17% of the total budget. Likewise, in 2004, the budget for Social Sector increased to P41, 642,623.00 or 28% of the total budget. However, in 2005 and 2006 the budget for Social Sector declined to P32, 134,196.00 and P 31,800,512.00 respectively, but the percentage share remained to be the second and third (respectively) largest of the total budget.

This sector focuses on the development and implementation of programs and projects regarding health, social welfare, nutrition, population awareness, skills training, employment orientation, community organization, sports, peace and order, barangay development assistance, poverty reduction and basic-needs survey.

1. b Development Administration Sector
In 2002 and 2003, the Development Administration Sector had the second largest share of the total budget. In 2004, this sector had an allocation of P22, 174,468.00 or 15% of the total budget for the year. While in 2005 and 2006, the budget decreased to P20, 726,889.00 or 13% and P19, 163,129.00, or 11% of the total budget, respectively..

This sector provides funding for the formulation of plans and programs, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of various development projects of the city such as Barangay Affairs Administration, Katarungang Pambarangay, Human Resource Development Program, Revenue Generation and Enhancement Program, Real Property Tax Assessment/ Enforcement Program, City Development Program, City Development Council (CDC) Operation, Local Zoning Board of Adjustment and Appeals, and LGU-IT Program.

1. c Infrastructure Sector
Consistently, this sector had the largest share of the budget since 2002 to 2006. At least 30%-40% of the total budget for the last five years had been allocation to fund road development projects such as concreting of 19.17% of the total road network and asphalting of 1.56% of road network of the city of Koronadal, maintenance of existing roads and bridges, construction/repair of Health Center, Day Care Center, and improvement of government structure such as Market, Slaughterhouse, Terminal, Maintenance of Bulok Creek and others.

1.d Economic Sector
The Economic Sector had an allocation of P6,624,858.00 or 6% of the total budget for 2002, P50,091,812.00 or 22% of the total budget for 2003, P27,790,172.00 or 19% of the total budget for 2004, P36,188,955.00 or 23% of the total budget for 2005 and P23,788,891.00 or 14% of the total budget for 2006. This sector provides funding for the operation and improvement of various programs and projects implemented by the City Agriculture Office, City Veterinary Office, City Cooperative Office, Koronadal Investment Center including the El Gawel Operation and other Livelihood programs of the City Government.

1. e Environment Sector
The City Environment and Natural Resources Office was established in 2004. The budget allocated under the Environment Sector focuses on the development direction of the CENRO particularly in the implementation of the Koronadal Solid Waste Management Program of the City and the Forest Management and Development projects. Budget for the Maintenance of Rizal Park is also included in this sector.

2. Income and Expenditure for CY 2002-2006
2.a City Government
The total income pattern of the City of Koronadal shows an average increase of 7% per annum. The Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) is still the largest source of revenue for local government contributing an average of 80% to the total income. Local Government Revenue and Expenditures, presents the financial scenario of Koronadal in terms of revenue, expenditures and Internal Revenue Allotment from 2002 to 2006. The distribution of revenue by source calendar year 2002 to 2006. Local revenues made up the other 20% of total income, with the greatest contribution consistently coming from local taxes.

The City Government of Koronadal is planning to reinforce the collection of revenues to augment the development needs of the city. A collaborative effort of different departments/ officials of the city government, headed by the Local Officials, will strengthen the revenue generating potential of the city.

One of the priority projects of the Local Chief Executive that respond to the effective, efficient and reliable operation of the local government is the City of Koronadal Information and Communication Technology Project (CKICTP) or the computerization project. This project aims to:

??? Improve internal processes and procedures;
??? Promote transparency in the assessment and collection of revenues;
??? Provide faster, convenient, and quality services to the citizenry with substantial degree of integrity;
??? Streamline present operations to better serve citizens by way of efficiently implemented development projects;
??? Strengthen the financial foundation and independence of the local government by way of efficient and effective generation of revenues; and
??? Enhance administrative support functions in support to its operations.

2. b 27 Barangays
Barangay Government Revenue and Expenditures, presents the barangay finances of the 27 Barangays of the City of Koronadal. While Table 36, Income of 27 Barangays by Sources, illustrates the sources of revenue of the 27 Barangays of the City.

Sec. 152 of the Local Government Code provides that the barangays may levy taxes, fees and charges, which shall exclusively accrue to them such as: taxes, service fees or charges, barangay clearance, and other charges and fees. For Real Property Taxes, 30% of the total taxes collected shall be distributed among the component barangays of the city. In the current scenario, barangays are also dependent on the IRA, thus, most of the development projects of the barangays are funded by the city. Again, the city is determined to empower the barangays to strengthen the collection of local taxes levied by them.

Local Financial Institutions

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1. Banks
Banks refer to entities engaged in the lending of funds obtained in the form of deposits. In the city, there are 13 commercial banks, 2 rural banks and 1 savings bank. The complete list of the banks in the city is shown in Table.

Commercial, Rural and Saving Banks

BANK NAME	ADDRESS
COMMERCIAL BANKS
BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLAND-MARBEL	GENSAN DRIVE, ZONE II
PHIL. BANK OF COMMUNICATIONS	GENSAN DRIVE, ZONE III
PHIL. NATIONAL BANK	CASA GEMMA BLDG., GENSAN DRIVE, ZONE II
LAND BANK OF THE PHILS.- KORONADAL	AQUINO COR. ABAD SANTOS, ZONE III
ALLIED BANKING CORP.- KORONADAL	GENSAN DRIVE, ZONE III
UNMERCHANTS SAVINGS & LOAN ASSO., INC.	SAMAHANG NAYON BLDG., ROXAS ST., ZONE II
RIZAL COMMERCIAL BANKING CORPORATION	GENERAL SANTOS DRIVE, ZONE III
LAND BANK OF THE PHILS - MORALES	GENSAN DRIVE, MORALES
BDO - KORONADAL BRANCH	ALUNAN AVE., ZONE I
METRO BANK & TRUST CONPANY - MARBEL	GENSAN DRIVE, ZONE III
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK	A. MORROW ST., ZONE III
DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILS.	ALUNAN AVENUE, ZONE IV
RURAL BANKS
ONE NETWORK BANK	ALUNAN AVENUE, ZONE II
RURAL BANK OF KORONADAL., INC.	ALUNAN AVENUE, ZONE IV
SAVING BANK
PENINSULA RURAL BANK, INC.	ALUNAN AVENUE, ZONE II

2. Local Insurance Agencies/ Branches
There are 16 life and non-life and 7 pre-need insurance companies in the City of Koronadal as presented in Table 38. These companies offer protection from the consequences of financial loss from death, accidents, sickness, and damages to properties. Injuries caused to others and any other predictable losses.

3. Other Credit Institutions
Based on the Business Permit and Licensing Office (BPLO) of the City of Koronadal, there are 77 financing and lending institutions operating in the city in 2006. These entities provide financing for personal and business use.

Pawnshops also abound in the city. Per BPLO records of 2006, there are 15 pawnshops with capitalization or gross income of less than P200, 000.00 and 31 pawnshops with capitalization or gross income of more than P200, 000.00.

The City Government through the Project Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation Office (PIMEO) provides loans ranging from P 2,000.00 to P10, 000.00 per applicant. The loan is payable in six months to one year at 0% interest. Table 39 shows the total number of beneficiaries for the years 2003 to 2004 and 2005 to 2006.

Socio-Economic

Agriculture

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From being the agro-industrial center of the province, the City of Koronadal has evolved into the administrative seat and a shopping capital of Region XII. Majority of the people of Koronadal, however are still dependent on agriculture for their livelihood.

1. Crops
1. a Rice
The area devoted to rice production increased from 10,693.00 hectares in 2005 to 11,264.00 hectares in 2006 or a 5.34% increase in production area. Irrigated rice production covers 8,430 hectares producing 38,440 metric tons in 2005. The 2,263-hectares production area devoted to planting rainfed rice contributed 9,052 metric tons to the total rice production of 47,492 metric tons in 2005. In 2006, the irrigated rice production area of 9,365.00 hectares produced 47,499.00 metric tons and the rainfed rice production contributed 7,535.00 metrics tons from out 0f 1,899.00 hectares to the total rice production of 55,034.00. The 2006 production posted a 15.88% increase from the previous year.

1.b Corn
Due to the decrease in its production area, the total corn production in the city decreased by 3.33% from 56,156 metric tons in 2005 to 54,286.00 metric tons in 2006. The decrease could be attributed to the utilization of some areas to planting high value commercial crops. Hybrid corn production posted a decrease of 4.86% in production from 46,678 metric tons in 2005 and 46,313.00 metric tons in 2006; traditional corn production posted an increase of 6.625 productions from 7,478.00 metric tons to 7,793.00 metric tons.

1.c High Value Commercial Crops (HVCC)
The land capability of the city indicates its suitability for growing high value commercial crops (HVCCs). Of the 272 hectares planted with mango, 176 hectares yielded 1,038 metric tons harvest in 2006. There was an increase of 20 hectares in the area planted and production increased by 196.69% from the previous year???s production. Other cros which posted an increase in production include papaya, jackfruit, durian, rambutan, pomelo, lanzones and guyabano. Production of banana (saba), banana (latundan), avocado, coffee, and apple guava dropped in 2006 from its 2005 record. It is also significant to note that in 2006, 268 hectares were utilized for planting oil palm. The crop is expected to be productive in three years.

Coconut planted in 23 barangay is also one of the major crops of the city. Coconut is planted in 1,530 farms by 1,520 farmers.\ Data from the Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA) indicate that in 2006 a total of 3,591 hectares were devoted to planting coconut. Of the 318,200 coconut trees, 279,100 were bearing and 39,100 were non-bearing. The total nut production was 16,663,700 and the total copra production of 3,703.00 metric tons.

2. Aqua Culture/ Farming
The farmers in the city engage in tilapia culture in order to augment their income. The average production is 5,100 kg/ ha/ harvest. Harvest is twice a year. In 2005, the to producers of aqua fish culture were Barangays Concepcion, Mabini, Rotonda, Carpenter Hill and New Pangasinan with a production value of P2,366,400.00, P 1,791,120.00, P 1,742,160.00, P 652,400.00, and P 1,387,200.00,repectively. The production of the city increased significantly from 477.40 metric tons in 2005 to 672.59 metric tons in 2006 or a 40.76% increase in production. The top producers were Barangays Topland, Morales, Concepcion, Rotonda and Mabini with a production value of P 3,468,000.00, P 3,366,000.00, P 2,958,000.00, P 2,942,700.00 and P 2,238,900.00 respectively. The value of production increased from P 19,104,600.00 in 2005 to P 33,629,400.00 in 2006 due to the fingerlings dispersal and technical assistance provided by the city government. A significant 76.03% increase was recorded in the value of production for the 2-year period. Hito are also produced in the city. Tilapia and hito fingerlings are hatched in the city demo farm.

3. Livestock and Poultry Sector
3.a Animal Population
The table on Animal Population in 2006 shows that Barangay Topland had the highest population of cattle, carabao, goats, horses, and dogs. Barangay San Jose had the highest population of swine and sheep with 896 and 80 heads, respectively.

3.b Meat Supply
Supply of beef and carabeef in the city decreased in 2006 from its 2005 record. In 2005, the slaughtered cattle produced 277,750 kg beef and in 2006, a 244,200 kg supply was recorded or a 12% decrease in the city???s local supply. Carabeef supply also decreased by 8% compared to the previous year. Pork supply increased by 45% from 967,380 kg to 1,398,480 kg. In 2006, the city posted 9,060-kg production for chevon. No record for chevon in 2005 is available.

4. Agricultural Facilities and Other Related Services
The City Government supports the farmers by providing technical services to increase their production. Complementing the services of the City Government is the private sector. A complete list of the agricultural facilities and other services is shown in Table 45. Technical services are provided by both the City Agriculture and City Veterinary Offices.

5. Agrarian Reform Program
Agrarian reform is an intervention to promote social justice aimed to equalize access to land. The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP), also known as Republic Act (RA) 6657 was brought to fore with the enactment of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law on June 10, 1988. The program is generally aimed at improving the lot of the Filipino farmers and alleviating poverty in the countryside. Consistent with the Medium Term Philippine Development Plan under the Aquino and Ramos administrations, the DAR-MARO, City of Koronadal implements RA 6657.

The CARPable lands working scope of the Agrarian Reform Program in the city for the Non-ARC areas is 3,133.8524 hectares in 2005. Of these lands, 2,721.6456 hectares were already distributed to 1,742 farmer beneficiaries. Potential balance of 318.1342 hectares still remains to be distributed to 258 potential farmer beneficiaries. In 2006, the CARPable lands working scope for Non-ARC areas increased to 3,225.4685 hectares. The 2,743.8851 hectares were already distributed to 1,688 farmer beneficiaries. In the MACASANTO area, the CARPable lands working scope decreased from 2,519.6441 hectares had the largest working scope in this area in 2005 and 638.8786 hectares in 2006. Farmers in this area were able to benefit from the projects implemented like the Farm to Market Roads (FMRs) and the Communal Irrigation Systems (CIS).

6. Cooperative Development
Cooperative play an indispensable role in the economy of the city. Accordingly, the city assisted these cooperatives through various technical services to strengthen and sustain their operation. Cooperatives treasurers and Audit Inventory Committee (AIC) members were provided with training. Bookkeepers were also trained on Standard Chart of Accounts (SCA) and Closing of Book Accounts. Cooperatives were also assisted in the Registration of Book of Account at BIR, Pre-Membership Registration Seminar (PMES), in Financial Statement preparation. Likewise, a budget was already allocated for the loaning program for cooperatives.

From the establishment of the City Cooperatives Office in 2003, it has registered a total of 245 cooperatives; 55 were operating and 190 were non-operating cooperatives in 2005. In 2006, 255 cooperatives were registered where 65 were operating, 95 were non-operating and 95 were dissolved. Non-Operating Cooperatives are cooperatives which were not able to comply with the administrative requirements of the Cooperative Development Authority (CDA). To qualify as an operating cooperative, the Annual Report and audited Financial Statement must be submitted to CDA. Collectively, the total paid-up capital of cooperatives sums up to P 43,678,486.14.

Infrastructure and Utilities

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1. Transportation
1.a Registered Motor vehicles
The 2006 registered motor vehicles in the city increased by 35.27% or 4,964 units compared to the previous year, based on the record of the Land Transportation Office (LTO)-Koronadal District . Table 52 reveals a tremendous volume of motorcycles in the city. Out of 19,040 registered motor vehicle in 2006, 51.67% are trucks, 0.75% are buses and only 0.11% are trailers. Vehicle classification in the city is composed of 78.01 private, 19.16% for hire and 2.83% government vehicles. Majority of the registered motor vehicles in the city are motorcycles, followed by tricycles. The mode of transportation within the city is by means of tricycles.

1.b Transport Groups/Public Utilities Vehicles (PUV)
There are 3 bus companies and 19 transport groups operating in the City of Koronadal. The Yellow Bus Line Inc. has the most number of buses while the ATS Transport has the most number of vans to serve the people of Koronadal and those who wish to come and visit Koronadal.

2. Roads
Koronadal has a well maintained road network from the National Highway to baranggay roads. The city has a total road network of 565.80 kilometers. The city???s road density of 2.04 km/sq.km. Baranggay Zone IV has the highest road density of 18.68 km/sq.km, followed by Baranggay Zone III with 13.83 km/sq.km. Baranggay Saravia, on the contrary, has the lowest road density of 0.65 km/sq.km, followed by Baranggay Avace??a with 0.75 km/sq.km.

The city has the following administrative road network classification: National Road comprising 4.28% of the total road network or 24.23km, Provincial Road equivalent to 14.21% or 80.41 km, City Road equivalent to 35.25% or 120.19 km and Baranggay Road equivalent to 60.26% or 340.982 km. Currently, length of concreted road is 108.47 km or 19.17% of the total road network; asphalted, 8.80 km or 1.56% graveled road, 427 km or 75.54% of road network; and earth road, 21.11 km or 3.73%.

3. Bridges
There are 48 bridges in Koronadal with a total length of 795.60 lineal meters. 37 bridges are considered as Reinforced Concrete Deck Girder (RCDG), 4 are twin bridges, 2 are steel bridges, 2 are hanging bridges and 3 are overflow bridges. The Alejandro Melchor Bridge at Barangay Sto. Ni??o with a length of 75m is the longest among the bridges in Koronadal. 4 bridges in the City are maintained by the DPWH. The Palian Bridge constructed across the 30-meter wide Palian River at Barangay Saravia connects the National Highway from General Santos City to the city. It is a structure that marks the boundary of the Municipality of Tupi and Koronadal. Two other bridges, the Bulok Bridge, and Twin Bridge along R. Alunan Avenue are located within the urban center and the other is an RCDG Bridge at Barangay Paraiso. Moreover, 19 bridges are maintained by the Provincial Government, 9 by the City Government and 16 by the barangays.

4. Waterworks and Sewerage Facilities
4.a Water System
The distribution of water supply for commercial and domestic use in the urban center of Koronadal and Brgy. Sto. Nino is managed by the Koronadal Water District. There are 6 pumping stations and 2 water treatment facilities operated to supply the water demand in the four Zones, Barangay General Paulino Santos, Brgy. Sta. Cruz, Brgy. Morales and Brgy. Sto. Ni??o. For households in the rural barangays which are not covered by the local water district services, their sources of water for domestic use are deep wells, shallow wells and springs.

Koronadal Water District has 5,421 domestic and commercial service connection in 2004, an increase of 606 connections or 12.59% compared to the previous year. In 2005, the total number of service connections is consumption of both commercial and domestic concessionaries in 2005 is 26,651 cubic meters per month.

4.b Drainage
The concept roads of Koronadal including the national roads within the Central Business District are provided with drainage lines. During heavy rainfall, water is collected by curbs/ concrete gutters, lined canals or earth canals and drained through the Bulok Creek, a waterway that cuts across the urban center and flows towards lake Buluan on the northern part of the city.

Based on the City Engineer???s Office estimate in 2006, approximately 90% of the urban core served had either lined or earth canals. Efforts of the City Government are underway to concrete the earth canals and provide adequate drainage facilities in the city to address the perennial flooding especially within the urban center.

The city constructed lined canals at both sides of Confessor St. to junction Antipolo St. and slope protection at Demo Farm in 2005. Drainage system enhancement which included canal ditching along Balmores St. and clearing and dredging of Bulok Creek was undertaken in 2006.

4.c Irrigation System
The water coming from Roxas and Quezon mountain ranges of Koronadal that follows through rivers and creeks is the main source of water supply for irrigation in the city and the nearby municipalities. Koronadal has two River Irrigations Systems known as Marbel #1 RIS and Marbel #2 RIS, and 7 Communal Irrigation Systems (CIS) namely: Magsaysay CIS, Magsaysay Extension CIS, Topland CIS, Cacub CIS, New Pangasinan CIS, Supon CIS and Mani CIS.

Palian River is the water source of Marbel #1 RIS. It has a dam at Barangay Saravia that supplies water to the Barangays Saravia, Carpenter Hill, Concepcion, San Isidro, Zone III, Sta. Cruz, Sto. Ni??o, General Paulino Santos, Caloocan and part of Lutayan, Sultan Kudarat. The Taplan and Marbel Rivers are the water sources of Marbel #2. Its dam is located at Barangay Sto. Ni??o and serves Barangays Namnama, Avance??a and some parts of the Municipality of Lutayan, Sultan Kudarat. The Mani River with the Mani CIS dam as reservoir supplies water to Barangays Cacub, Esperanza, Mabini and San Jose.

5. Power
Electrification of Koronadal is generated by the Mindanao Grid of the Maria Cristina Hydro Electric Plant in Lanao Del Norte, operated and maintained by National Power Corporation (NAPOCOR). The power supply is distributed in the city by the South Cotabato I Electric Cooperative, Inc. (SOCOTECO-1). The local electric company is able to supply electricity to the 27 barangays of the City. The Morales sub-station serves Koronadal, Tantangan, Tampakan and Lutayan with an existing power capacity of 20 MVA. Matulas sub-station with the capacity of 10 MVA serves portions of Koronadal and Banga.

6. Communication
6.a Telecommunications/ Wireless Communication
Telecommunications is communicating information including data, text, pictures, voice and video over long distance by wire, radio, visual, or other electromagnetic systems. Telecommunications as presented in this section is subdivided into wireless communication, telephone systems, publications and internet.

Wireless is a term used to describe telecommunications in which electromagnetic waves instead of wires carry the signal over or the entire communication path. Common examples of wireless equipment that are in use today include: cellular phones, global positioning system, two-way radios, cordless telephone sets, home-entertainment-system control boxes where FM broadcast receivers use this technology and satellite television.

The evolution of wireless technology has brought about more specialized examples of communication such as the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) or the digital mobile phone system, general Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), General Packet Radio Service broadband and GPRS are services that provide connection to the internet for mobile phone and computer users no matter where that are located in the world. The WAP on the other hand, is a set of communication protocols that is used to standardize the way the cellular phones and radio transceivers can be used for internet access.

Data on wireless communication in the City of Koronadal is limited to the radio stations, television stations, cable television (TV) providers and cellular phone companies operating within the city.

There are 3 AM radio stations (DXMC Bombo Radyo, DXKI and DXKR Radyo Agong) and 2 FM Radio station is limited to the province. A lone television network, ABS-CBN, operates within the city with coverage reaching the entire province.

Further, the people of Koronadal enjoy cable TV either through the JVL Star Cable TV , Marbel Cable TV. The number of subscribers, the rates and the capacity of the Cable TV are provided.

For cellular phone communications, Smart Communications, Globe Telecommunications and Sun Cellular offer network coverage within the city and link to the rest of the world. Out of the three companies, only Smart Communications set up its branch office in the city.

6. b Telephone Systems
The Marbel Telephone Systems, Inc. (MTSI) is the first telephone company that operated in the city. It started on September 11, 1963 and from then on the company established a series of firsts in the telephone industry in the city as well as in the province. It is the first to operate the dial system, the first digital telephone exchange equipment, the first to offer the direct distance facility and the wireless local loop system.

Currently, there are 3 telephone companies in the city: Marbel Telephone Systems, Inc. National Telephone Project (NTP) Koronadal Telephone Exchange under the DOTC and PLDT.

7. Publication
Publications referred to in this section are limited to the local newspapers published in the city. Details on the frequency and area of coverage of the publications are likewise provided.

8. Internet Providers
The internet, sometimes called the ???net???, is a worldwide system of computer networks. Users at any one computer can, if they have permission, get information from any other computer or they can even talk directly to users at other computers.

The advent of internet in the City of Koronadal provided unparelled ease in transaction whether personal or business. For many internet users, electronic mail (e-mail) has practically replaced the postal service. Electronic mail is said to be the most widely used application on the net. Other users prefer the Internet Relay Chat (IRC) or the most recent internet telephony hardware that allow real-time voice conversations.

Social Services

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1. Education
Formal education is available in different schools offering preschool, primary elementary, secondary, tertiary, technical and vocational education in the city.

Table 1 gives a 2-school year comparative data on the number of institutions by level and by type. For the SY 2005-2???6, the total number of schools operating in the city include 36 pre-schools, 54 primary/ elementary schools, 13 secondary schools including one public annex school, 6 tertiary schools and 11 technical/ vocational schools. In the succeeding school year (SY 2006-2007), number of pre-schools increased to 40, primary/ elementary schools remained at 54, secondary schools also increased the number at 15 including 3 public school annexes while tertiary and technical/ vocational schools remained at 6 and 11, respectively.

Table 1. Inventory of Schools, By Level, By Type

Level of Education	SY 2005-2006			SY 2006-2007
	Public	Private	Total	Public	Private	Total
Pre-school	16	20	36	19	21	40
Primary/Elementary	44	10	54	44	10	54
Secondary/High School	5	8	13	7	8	15
Tertiary	0	6	6	0	6	6
Technical/Vocational	0	11	11	0	11	11

1.a School Facilities
The non-instructional facilities made available in the elementary and secondary schools operating in the City of Koronadal. These facilities are present in every school to respond to the needs of the students while in school. These also contribute to the efficient delivery of quality education.

1.b Teacher-Pupil/ Teacher-Student Ratio
The teacher-student ration for the SY 2005-2006 and SY 2006-2007. The Department of Education sets the standard teacher-student for kindergarten at 1:25 and primary/elementary and secondary at 1:45.

1.c Pre-school Education
Early childhood development is essential in developing the skills, attitudes and values of the pre-schoolers in preparation for formal education. This is the reason why parents are particular in their choice of schools for the first formal education of their children.

The total enrollment in public schools of 1,042 increased to 1,065 in SY 2006-2007. Private kindergarten schools also increased its enrollment from 1,481 (SY 2005-2006) to (SY 2006-2007). Data shows that both public and private kindergarten schools increased their enrollment in the succeeding school year. One of the attributing factors of the increase was the free pre-school education offered by DepEd called Pre-school Service Contracting Scheme.

For the SY 2005-2006, 10 of 16 public kindergarten schools were identified with below standard teacher-student and classroom-student ratio of 1:25 whereas in private schools, 8 out of 20 are categorized as below standard teacher-student ratio. For the SY 2006-2007, only 3 out of 19 public kindergarten schools and 7 out of 21 private schools passed the standard ratio. Public and private kindergarten schools, however, apply multiple shifting to meet the standards set by the DepEd.

2. Health

The development of the City of Koronadal is always attributed to its people. The City Government therefore, recognizes the need to be sensitive to its people and prioritizes the health concerns that are besetting them.

The City of Koronadal also recognizes the importance of its role within the province, as a component city and a capital. Hence, it plays an active role with the establishment of the Local Area Health Development Zone (LAHDZ).

LAHDZ or inter-local health zone (ILHZ) refers to a district or a catchment area composed of a number of neighboring municipalities which main function is to improve networking and strengthen cooperation among themselves with regard to health matters. The intended functions of the LAHDZ are to formulate, implement and evaluate: 1) local health plans, 2) health information system, 3) two-way referral system, 4) health resources management and development system, 5) health care financing, 6) hospital regulation and management, 7) community mobilization, and 8( benefit monitoring and evaluation.

LAHDZ 4 is composed of the City of Koronadal, Tantangan and Tampakan. Its vision is to have a better quality of life enjoyed by the constituents through efficient delivery of health services and sustainable collaboration efforts of CHO, NGOs, GOs and Pos in the new millennium.

Its mission is to provide quality, efficient and effective healthcare through:
a. Provision of entire package of services for its populace.
b. Intensification of information, education activities on the basic health services.
c. Provision of adequate health facilities.
d. Strengthening of personnel/ community involvement.

3. Nutrition

In 2006, majority or 89.75% of children aged 0-6 years were within the normal range of nutritional status. 8.51% of the children were below normal and a measly 0.91% and 0.85% were above normal and below normal (very low), respectively. Moreover, there were 4 boys and 6 girls with cleft palate who fall within the below normal (very low) nutritional status.

4. Social Welfare

In 1991, through the enactment of RA 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code, DSWD was one of the agencies devolved to the local government unit to continue to deliver basic social services to individuals and families who are in need. The handicapped as well shall be provided with the opportunity to develop self reliance and become participating members of the community.

Through Municipal Resolution 929 series of 1994, the municipal Social Welfare and Development Office was created and by virtue of RA 8803 which was signed on August 19, 2000, MSWDO was changed to CSWDO.

The City Social Welfare Office is manned by the City Social Welfare and Development Officer, 1 Social Welfare Officer III, 3 Social Welfare Officers I, 2 Social Welfare Assistants and 4 regular Day Care Workers functioning as Welfare Assistants.

Since its devolution to the local government unit, the office has 5 regular bureaus offering services to the following clientele groups: families and indigenous people in difficult circumstances, community, children and youth, differently- able persons, the older persons and victims of natural and man made calamities.

The implementation of the Social Welfare program through the City Social Welfare and Development Office is rendered to the 27 barangays of the city. The CSWDO maintains/ supervises the following facilities: Day Care Centers, Women???s Help Intervention and Protective Services (WHIPS) Center, Children???s Intervention and Protective Services (CHIPS) Center, Senior Citizen???s Model Center.

Protective Services

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The presence of Philippine National Police (PNP), Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP), Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP), PNP Provincial Headquarters, Private Security/ Agencies & Detective Services and other special support forces strengthen the protective services to the people of the City of Koronadal.

1. Philippine National Police
The PNP is the country???s legal enforcement arm for preventing and controlling crimes, maintaining peace and order, and ensuring public safety. It widened its doors to the public by launching Report-a-Crime helpline, which can be accessed by dialing 166 and 228-5349.

Its Vision: The Men and Women of the PNP is committed to a vision of a professional, dynamic and highly motivated Philippine National Police working in partnership with a responsive community towards the attainment of a safe place to live, work, invest and do business with.

Its Mission: To enforce the law, to prevent and control crimes, to maintain peace and order, and to ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the community.

1.a Facilities, Equipment and Size of Force
Koronadal City Police Station is classified as Class A City Police Station and was adjudged as the Best Component City Police Station for two consecutive years, 2005 and 2006. As of 2006, it has a total strength of 104, 90% of whom are deployed on the streets covering all identified crime prone areas, places of convergence, economic key points and vital installations of the city while the remaining 10% are tasked to perform administrative work and other complementary law enforcement activities.

The local police station is situated at the poblacion along Alunan Avenue, Barangay Zone II, beside the City Hall Building of the City of Koronadal. The site includes buildings for Traffic Section, Women/ Child Helping Desk, Drop- in Center Laboratory, and Detention Cell. There are 3 Police Community Assistance Centers (COMPACs) that are strategically situated along the national highway in Barangay Morales, Barangay Zone III and Barangay Sto. Ni??o (Crossing Barangay Concepcion).

Complementing the city???s police force is the police force from the PNP Provincial Command located in Bonifacio St. Barangay Zone IV which is more or less 1,000 meters from Local Police Station.

1.b Crime Statistics
In 2005, the total reported crime or the total crime volume in 2005 was 178. Crime committed against a person was the most recorded in the precincts. Ninety one (91) cases under this classification were reported. Out of this number, 85 were solved and six were unsolved cases.

In 2006, the total reported crime increased to 236 cases. Again, Crime against Person had the highest number of cases reported, 113 incidents of which 97 were solved and 16 remained unsolved cases.

Statistics released by PNP Koronadal shows that the total crime volume in 2006 escalated to 236 or a 33% rise from the previous year.

Non- index crimes recorded 59 crimes in 2005. It soared to 92 in 2006 or a 56% increase. Under this type of crime, carnapping with 6 incidents in 2005 sharply rose by 222%. The second highest reported crime case was illegal possession of firearms at 120%.

Index Crimes are crimes that are serious in nature and occur with sufficient frequency and regulation such that they can serve as an index crime include murder, homicide, rape, physical injury, robbery and theft.

Non-index Crimes include illegal gambling possession of firearms, carnapping, serious illegal detention and smuggling among others.

Crime Solution Efficiency is the ration of solved crimes to the total number of committed crimes. (Crime Solved/ Crime Volume) x 100%.

A crime is considered solved if the suspect(s) arrested has/ have not been charged in court but case has not been resolved to date, 90 days after the filing of charges or suspect(s) has/ have not been arrested although charges have already filed in court.

Unsolved Crimes- no case has been filed and suspect(s) unidentified/ unarrested.

The Crime Solution Efficiency of 85% in 2005 decreased to 83% in 2006. It shall be noted, however that the crime volume increased from 178 to 236 in 2005 to 2006, respectively. Consequently the crime rate increased from 8.63% to 11.44%.

The police crime statistics are limited to incidents reported to the precincts. There are some that are not reported, thus total actual maybe higher.

2. Bureau of Fire Protection

The Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the following functions:
1. Be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires;
2. Be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines (PD 1185) and other related laws;
3. Shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires and if necessary, file the proper complaint with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction of the case;
4. In time of national emergency, all elements of the BFP shall upon direction of the President, assist the AFP in meeting the national emergency; and
5. Shall establish at least 1 fire station with adequate personnel, firefighting facilities and equipment in every provincial capital, city and municipality subject to standard rules and regulations as maybe promulgated by the DILG.

2.a Facilities, Equipment and Size of Force
2. a.1 Government
The BFP- Koronadal City Fire Office is located along Osme??a Street within a 500 square meter land area. Four (4) operational firetrucks are the major equipment available in the office. The actual firetruck- population ration is 1:37,000 against the ideal ration of 1:28,000. Te actual ration is based on the BFP estimated population of 150,000.

2. a.2 Private
In support to the existing fire trucks of Bureau of Fire in case of fire incidents, the Koronadal Chinese- Filipino Firefighters Foundation Inc. (KCCFI) has 2 fire trucks. The KCC Volunteer Fire Brigade has also 2 fire trucks and an additional are ladder.

2. b Frequency and Causes of Fire
There were 3 causes of fire occurrence from 2002-2006. During this period, a total of 129 fire occurrences were recorded, 99 of which were accidental, 6 were intended, and 24 were of undetermined origin. Based on the data, it was in 2006 when fire incidents most, noted at 32 incidents. The least number recorded was in 2002.

2.c Nature of Fire Incidents and Damage of Property
Out of 32 fire incidents in 2006, 22 or 68% were structural fire. Of this 32 fire incidents, the BFP declared the estimated amount of damaged property was P 3,946,090.00; this was much lower than the estimated amount of damaged property during the previous year (2005) which amounted to P 8,247,300.00 for the lesser 24 fire incidence. For 2005 and 2006, the average damage per fire incident were P 343,647.50 and P 123,315.31, respectively.

2.d Services and Activities
Some of the services and activities rendered by the BFP- Koronadal in relation to fire prevention are as follows:
1. Issuance of Fire Safety Certificate to complying applicants
2. Conduct of Fire Drills
3. Fire Brigades Training

3. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

As one of the 5 pillars of the Criminal Justice System, the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) was created to address the growing concern of jail management and penology.

Primarily, its clients are detainees accused before a court who are temporarily confined in such jails while undergoing investigation and are waiting final judgment, and those who are serving sentence promulgated by the court three years and below.

As provided for under R.A No. 6975, the Jail Bureau is mandated to take operational and administrative control over all city, district and municipal jails.

The Bureau has 4 major areas of rehabilitation program, namely: Livelihood Projects, Educational and Vocational Training, Recreation and Sports, and Religious/ Spiritual Activities. These are continuously behavior and to reform them to become law- abiding and productive citizens.

3.a Size of Force
In 2005, there were 22 BJMP- Koronadal personnel. It decreased to 16 personnel in 2006. This was due to the decreased in the number of inmates. Ideal ration for number of guards per inmate is 2:1.

3.b Other Protective Services
3.b.1 Government
The Civil Security Unit of the city is tasked to safeguard the properties and facilities of the city government such as the city hall, public market, slaughterhouse, Rizal Park, motorpool and other. The Civil Security Unit is on active 24-hours operation daily.

The local police force, on the other hand, organized the Kababayan Centers to hasten the response on crimes in the barangay level. Each Kababayan Center in manned by the barangay captain and the Barangay at Pulis Laban sa Krimen (BPLK).

3.b.2 Private
Based on the Business Permit and Licensing Office 8 private security agencies are operating in Koronadal in 2006 namely:
??? Marbel Crown Security and Janitorial Services
??? SOCSARGEN Samahang Nayon Cooperative
??? Peacemaker Security/ Investigation Agency
??? Hilite Security Agency, Inc.
??? Supreme Investigative and Security Agency
??? Eagles Eye Security and Watchman Agency
??? RFE Investigate and Security Agency
??? Blue Paratrooper Security Agency

Te Private protective agencies provide a variety of security to a wide-ranging market within the City.

Commerce

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Commercial Establishments
Business is brisk in the city for 2006. The total estimated capital/ gross income for all business establishments in the city is P 3.6B per records of the Business Permit and Licensing Office. A total of 1,633 Mayor???s Permits were issued.

The top 20 commercial establishments in the city for 2006 are shown in Table 50. This is based on their individual declared gross income/ capital.

The main public market is strategically situated at Baranggay Zone I of the city. It has a total of 741 stalls. The monthly rental income per month could reach up to P 436,109.11. The following are the different sections in the market: fish, magazine, chucherias, fruit, native products, drygoods, grocery/ sari-sari ,vegetable, dried fish, rice, meat, supermarket, refreshment and mixed.

Market days in the city are Wednesday and Saturdays.

Recreation

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1. Sport Facilities
The City of Koronadal boasts of sports facilities that are at par with the rest of the country. Some of the famous sports venues in the city are the following: South Cotabato Sports Complex which occupies an area of 3.5 hectares (within the complex are and Olympic- size swimming pool, rubberized oval track, basketball court, volleyball court and tennis court), South Cotabato Gym and Cultural Center which has an area of 2,867 sq. m and can accommodate 7,000 persons, Marbel Techno Zone ( Marbel Fit Mart???s Bowling Lanes), Golf Course in Barangay Paraiso, and Shooting Range in Barangay Morales. For billiards, the people frequent the Fit Mart Amusement Center, Ang Bilyaran Sang Siyudad or Marbel Cue & Balls Billiard Center. There are also Flick and Smash, and Smash Avenue for badminton aficionados.

2. Sports and Physical Fitness program
On September 18, 2003, the City Government launched the ???Karakasa??? Fitness Program. It is an aero-marathon where people of all ages can join the exercises for free at the Freedom Park every Tuesday to Saturday. After a year, the venue was transferred to Rizal Park to accommodate a larger group of aero-marathon enthusiasts. The program is now on its 3rd year and still going strong due to the support of the people. Participants range from 70 to 120 per session.

3. Other Recreational Facilities
3. a Movie houses/ Theaters
There are 8 air-conditioned theaters operating in the city. Four (4), KCC Cinema I-IV, are housed in the KCC Mall of Marbel and the other 4, Cinematrix I=IV, are located at the Fit Mart Mall of Marbel.

The Reel Cinema, a non-airconditioned moviehouse, is also operating along Gen. Santos Drive, City of Koronadal.

3.b Parks
Every Barangay in the city has its own parks and playgrounds.

The most famous park in the city is the Rizal Park located along Bonifacio Street, Barangay Zone IV. It has a playground, picnic area, stage, and restrooms. The entire 2.5 hectare lot is covered with trees making it conducive for outdoor games, picnics and even siestas for quite a number of tricycle drivers in Koronadal.

3.c Others
Koronadal Bingo is the first gaming venue with Philippine Games and Amusement Corporation (PAGCOR) permit. It is situated within the Fit Mart Mall of Marbel.

The other gaming venue is the New Alkor Galleria in Brgy. Sto. Ni??o, where regular cockfighting and occasional derbies are held.